Orhan Pamuk was born in Istanbul on June 7, 1952.
Pamuk's works have been published worldwide in over 40 languages. His first novel, Cevdet Bey and His Sons, was published in 1982 and was awarded the Orhan Kemal and Milliyet literary prizes. The following year, Pamuk published The Silent House, which won the 1991 Prix de la découverte européene. He is also the author of Snow, Istanbul, and My Name is Red, which won the French Prix Du Meilleur Livre Etranger, the Italian Grinzane Cavour and the International IMPAC Dublin literary award.
In 2005, Pamuk was charged under Article 301/1 of the Turkish Penal Code, which states, “A person who explicitly insults being a Turk, the Republic or Turkish Grand National Assembly, shall be imposed to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of six months to three years.” PEN members around the world called on the Turkish government to condemn these charges. In January 2006, the Turkish government dropped the charges.
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